Stansted Airport, Stansted , UK, 1981-1991
Stansted Airport challenged all the accepted rules of airport terminal design. By turning the building ‘upside down’ the lightweight roof is freed simply to keep out rain and let in light. Energy efficient, environmentally discreet within its rural setting, technologically advanced yet incredibly simple to use and experience, Stansted has become a model for airport planners and designers around the world.
Stansted Airport challenged all the accepted rules of airport terminal design. It went back to the roots of modern air travel and literally stood conventional wisdom on its head. The earliest airport buildings were very simple: on one side there was a road and on the other a field where aircraft landed into the wind. The progression from landside to airside was a walk from your car through the terminal and out onto your plane, which was always in view. Revealed through every aspect of its design, Stansted was an attempt to recapture the clarity of those early airfields, together with some of the lost romance of air travel.
From the traveller's point of view, movement through the completed building is straightforward and direct - Stansted has none of the level changes and subsequent orientation problems that are typical to most airports. Passengers proceed in a fluid movement from the set-down point through to the check-in area, passport control and departure lounges, where they can see the planes. From there, an automated transit system takes them to satellite buildings to board their aircraft. This degree of clarity was achieved by turning the building upside down, banishing the heavy environmental service installations usually found at roof level to an undercroft that runs beneath the entire concourse floor. This subterranean level also contains baggage handling and was able to accommodate a mainline railway station, which was integrated into the building late in the design process.
All service distribution systems are contained within the trunks of the structural trees that rise up from the undercroft through the concourse floor. These trees support a lightweight roof that is freed simply to keep out rain and let in light. Entirely daylit on all but the most overcast of days, the constantly changing play of light gives the concourse a poetic dimension and also has significant energy and economic advantages, leading to running costs half those of any other British terminal. Energy efficient, environmentally discreet within its rural setting, technologically advanced yet incredibly simple to use and experience, Stansted has become a model for airport planners and designers around the world.
Client: BAA plc
Consultants: Ove Arup and Partners, BAAC & Beard Dove / Needleman, Currie & Brown, BAA, Adrian Lisney, Claude Engle, Air BP, Balfours, Earley, Campling, Lee & Partners, Penny Anderson, WS Atkins & Partners
See more photos and movies of this airport here
Stansted Airport picture Gallery
----------------------------------------
Chek Lap Kok Airport, Hong Kong, 1992-1998
Chek Lap Kok is one of the world’s largest airports and this was among the most ambitious construction projects of modern times. The terminal building extends a concept pioneered at Stansted Airport. With its uncluttered spaces, bathed in light, it forms a spectacular gateway to the city.
Lying at the hub of a global region reaching across Asia and Australasia, Chek Lap Kok is one of the worlds largest airports. Completed in 1998 as Hong Kongs sole air terminal, by 2040 it will handle eighty million passengers per annum - the same number as Londons Heathrow and New Yorks JFK airports combined. Among the most ambitious construction projects of modern times, the land on which the airport stands was once a mountainous island. In a major reclamation programme, its 100-metre peak was reduced to 7 metres above sea level and the island was expanded to four times its original area - equal to the size of the Kowloon peninsula.
The terminal building extends a concept pioneered by the practice at Stansted Airport a model since adopted by airport planners worldwide. It is characterised by a lightweight roof, free of service installations; natural lighting; and the integration beneath the main concourse of baggage handling, environmental services and transportation. With its uncluttered spaces, bathed in light, it forms a spectacular gateway to the city. Equally important to the clarity of the space is the accentuation of natural orientation points both within the building and beyond: departing passengers are aware of the land and the water, and can see the aircraft. Similarly, the airports vaulted roof provides a constant point of reference, whether you are arriving or departing. The direction of the vaults remains constant throughout the building, regardless of the divergent directions that the prongs take, so that the roof itself becomes an aid to navigation. Departing passengers pass through the East Hall, the largest single airport retail space in the world; if an airport on this scale can be thought of as a city in microcosm, then this is its market square.
People reach the airport from Hong Kong via either mainland road or rail links, which cross two new bridges and a causeway to Lantau to the south, those arriving by train alighting at the Ground Transportation Centre at the eastern end of the terminal. The entire journey between city and airport can be completed in a remarkable twenty minutes.
Client: Hong Kong Airport Authority
Consultants: Ove Arup and Partners, WT Partnership, Urbis Travers Morgan Ltd., Fisher Marantz Renfro Stone, BAA, Mott Connell Ltd, O'Brien-Kreizberg and Associates Ltd, Wilbur Smith Associates
See more photos and movies of this airport here
----------------------------------------
Queen Alia International Airport, Amman, Jordan, 2005
The design for the Queen Alia International Airport combines function, technology and a distinct sense of place to provide a greatly expanded and enhanced gateway to the region.
Retaining the existing runway, the scheme comprises a new terminal building that will bring a sense of clarity to the airport, streamlining circulation and establishing coherent wayfinding. Formally, the building draws on the vernacular tradition of outdoor areas and open-air gardens. These courtyards contain water pools that reflect natural light into the building and provide a comfortable microclimate, as well as a subtle means of establishing orientation inside. Large covered interior spaces form a direct relationship to the external environment and accommodate generous greeting and hospitality areas that are central to the terminal’s cultural programme.
The striking canopy roof has been inspired by the organic form of natural palm trees, while its black external surface is reminiscent of Bedouin tents. Split beams at the column junctions and generous reveals allow daylight to flood deep into the building, creating a dynamic play of light while also offering shelter from direct sunlight. The roof canopy acts as a thermal store to heat and cool the building and also conserves water by collecting rainwater and night time condensation. In addition, banks of photovoltaic panels have the potential to supplement the electricity supply, so reducing the building’s energy consumption.
Client: Marawed (National Resources Investment and Development Corporation
Consultants: Buro Happold, David Langdon, Buro Happold, NACO
See more information here
----------------------------------------
Beijing Airport, Beijing, China, 2003-2008
The world’s largest and most advanced airport building - not only technologically, but also in terms of passenger experience, operational efficiency and sustainability – Beijing Airport is welcoming and uplifting. A symbol of place, its soaring aerodynamic roof and dragon-like form celebrates the thrill of flight and evokes traditional Chinese colours and symbols.
Beijing’s new international terminal is the world’s largest and most advanced airport building - not only technologically, but also in terms of passenger experience, operational efficiency and sustainability. Completed as the gateway to the city for athletes participating in the twenty-ninth Olympiad, it is designed to be welcoming and uplifting. A symbol of place, its soaring aerodynamic roof and dragon-like form celebrate the thrill and poetry of flight and evoke traditional Chinese colours and symbols.
Located between the existing eastern runway and the future third runway, the terminal building and Ground Transportation Centre (GTC) enclose a floor area of 1.3 million square metres and will accommodate an estimated 50 million passengers per annum by 2020. Although conceived on an unprecedented scale, the building’s design expands on the new airport paradigm created by Stansted and Chek Lap Kok. Designed for maximum flexibility to cope with the unpredictable nature of the aviation industry, like its predecessors, it aims to resolve the complexities of modern air travel, combining spatial clarity with high service standards. Public transport connections are fully integrated, walking distances for passengers are short, with few level changes, and transfer times between flights are minimised. Like Chek Lap Kok, the terminal is open to views to the outside and planned under a single unifying roof canopy, whose linear skylights are both an aid to orientation and sources of daylight - the colour cast changing from red to yellow as passengers progress through the building.
The terminal building is one of the world’s most sustainable, incorporating a range of passive environmental design concepts, such as the south-east orientated skylights, which maximise heat gain from the early morning sun, and an integrated environment-control system that minimises energy consumption. In construction terms, its design optimised the performance of materials selected on the basis of local availability, functionality, application of local skills, and low cost procurement. Remarkably, it was designed and built in just four years.
Client: Beijing Capital International Airport Company Ltd.
Consultants: Arup, Davis Langdon, Arup, Michel Desvigne, Speirs and Major, Arup, BIAD, BNP Associates Inc, Design Solutions, Logplan GmbH, NACO, Reef U.K.
See more information here
Stansted Airport challenged all the accepted rules of airport terminal design. By turning the building ‘upside down’ the lightweight roof is freed simply to keep out rain and let in light. Energy efficient, environmentally discreet within its rural setting, technologically advanced yet incredibly simple to use and experience, Stansted has become a model for airport planners and designers around the world.
From the traveller's point of view, movement through the completed building is straightforward and direct - Stansted has none of the level changes and subsequent orientation problems that are typical to most airports. Passengers proceed in a fluid movement from the set-down point through to the check-in area, passport control and departure lounges, where they can see the planes. From there, an automated transit system takes them to satellite buildings to board their aircraft. This degree of clarity was achieved by turning the building upside down, banishing the heavy environmental service installations usually found at roof level to an undercroft that runs beneath the entire concourse floor. This subterranean level also contains baggage handling and was able to accommodate a mainline railway station, which was integrated into the building late in the design process.
All service distribution systems are contained within the trunks of the structural trees that rise up from the undercroft through the concourse floor. These trees support a lightweight roof that is freed simply to keep out rain and let in light. Entirely daylit on all but the most overcast of days, the constantly changing play of light gives the concourse a poetic dimension and also has significant energy and economic advantages, leading to running costs half those of any other British terminal. Energy efficient, environmentally discreet within its rural setting, technologically advanced yet incredibly simple to use and experience, Stansted has become a model for airport planners and designers around the world.
Client: BAA plc
Consultants: Ove Arup and Partners, BAAC & Beard Dove / Needleman, Currie & Brown, BAA, Adrian Lisney, Claude Engle, Air BP, Balfours, Earley, Campling, Lee & Partners, Penny Anderson, WS Atkins & Partners
See more photos and movies of this airport here
Stansted Airport picture Gallery
----------------------------------------
Chek Lap Kok Airport, Hong Kong, 1992-1998
Chek Lap Kok is one of the world’s largest airports and this was among the most ambitious construction projects of modern times. The terminal building extends a concept pioneered at Stansted Airport. With its uncluttered spaces, bathed in light, it forms a spectacular gateway to the city.
The terminal building extends a concept pioneered by the practice at Stansted Airport a model since adopted by airport planners worldwide. It is characterised by a lightweight roof, free of service installations; natural lighting; and the integration beneath the main concourse of baggage handling, environmental services and transportation. With its uncluttered spaces, bathed in light, it forms a spectacular gateway to the city. Equally important to the clarity of the space is the accentuation of natural orientation points both within the building and beyond: departing passengers are aware of the land and the water, and can see the aircraft. Similarly, the airports vaulted roof provides a constant point of reference, whether you are arriving or departing. The direction of the vaults remains constant throughout the building, regardless of the divergent directions that the prongs take, so that the roof itself becomes an aid to navigation. Departing passengers pass through the East Hall, the largest single airport retail space in the world; if an airport on this scale can be thought of as a city in microcosm, then this is its market square.
People reach the airport from Hong Kong via either mainland road or rail links, which cross two new bridges and a causeway to Lantau to the south, those arriving by train alighting at the Ground Transportation Centre at the eastern end of the terminal. The entire journey between city and airport can be completed in a remarkable twenty minutes.
Client: Hong Kong Airport Authority
Consultants: Ove Arup and Partners, WT Partnership, Urbis Travers Morgan Ltd., Fisher Marantz Renfro Stone, BAA, Mott Connell Ltd, O'Brien-Kreizberg and Associates Ltd, Wilbur Smith Associates
See more photos and movies of this airport here
----------------------------------------
Queen Alia International Airport, Amman, Jordan, 2005
The design for the Queen Alia International Airport combines function, technology and a distinct sense of place to provide a greatly expanded and enhanced gateway to the region.
Relating in scale to Stansted Airport and designed to grow without disruption over the next 25 years, the new terminal will accommodate nine million passengers per annum with sustained growth to twelve million. The design concept articulates a sense of Arabic hospitality, while achieving an environmentally sustainable system with its dramatic black canopy roof.
Retaining the existing runway, the scheme comprises a new terminal building that will bring a sense of clarity to the airport, streamlining circulation and establishing coherent wayfinding. Formally, the building draws on the vernacular tradition of outdoor areas and open-air gardens. These courtyards contain water pools that reflect natural light into the building and provide a comfortable microclimate, as well as a subtle means of establishing orientation inside. Large covered interior spaces form a direct relationship to the external environment and accommodate generous greeting and hospitality areas that are central to the terminal’s cultural programme.
The striking canopy roof has been inspired by the organic form of natural palm trees, while its black external surface is reminiscent of Bedouin tents. Split beams at the column junctions and generous reveals allow daylight to flood deep into the building, creating a dynamic play of light while also offering shelter from direct sunlight. The roof canopy acts as a thermal store to heat and cool the building and also conserves water by collecting rainwater and night time condensation. In addition, banks of photovoltaic panels have the potential to supplement the electricity supply, so reducing the building’s energy consumption.
Client: Marawed (National Resources Investment and Development Corporation
Consultants: Buro Happold, David Langdon, Buro Happold, NACO
See more information here
----------------------------------------
Beijing Airport, Beijing, China, 2003-2008
The world’s largest and most advanced airport building - not only technologically, but also in terms of passenger experience, operational efficiency and sustainability – Beijing Airport is welcoming and uplifting. A symbol of place, its soaring aerodynamic roof and dragon-like form celebrates the thrill of flight and evokes traditional Chinese colours and symbols.
Beijing’s new international terminal is the world’s largest and most advanced airport building - not only technologically, but also in terms of passenger experience, operational efficiency and sustainability. Completed as the gateway to the city for athletes participating in the twenty-ninth Olympiad, it is designed to be welcoming and uplifting. A symbol of place, its soaring aerodynamic roof and dragon-like form celebrate the thrill and poetry of flight and evoke traditional Chinese colours and symbols.
Located between the existing eastern runway and the future third runway, the terminal building and Ground Transportation Centre (GTC) enclose a floor area of 1.3 million square metres and will accommodate an estimated 50 million passengers per annum by 2020. Although conceived on an unprecedented scale, the building’s design expands on the new airport paradigm created by Stansted and Chek Lap Kok. Designed for maximum flexibility to cope with the unpredictable nature of the aviation industry, like its predecessors, it aims to resolve the complexities of modern air travel, combining spatial clarity with high service standards. Public transport connections are fully integrated, walking distances for passengers are short, with few level changes, and transfer times between flights are minimised. Like Chek Lap Kok, the terminal is open to views to the outside and planned under a single unifying roof canopy, whose linear skylights are both an aid to orientation and sources of daylight - the colour cast changing from red to yellow as passengers progress through the building.
The terminal building is one of the world’s most sustainable, incorporating a range of passive environmental design concepts, such as the south-east orientated skylights, which maximise heat gain from the early morning sun, and an integrated environment-control system that minimises energy consumption. In construction terms, its design optimised the performance of materials selected on the basis of local availability, functionality, application of local skills, and low cost procurement. Remarkably, it was designed and built in just four years.
Client: Beijing Capital International Airport Company Ltd.
Consultants: Arup, Davis Langdon, Arup, Michel Desvigne, Speirs and Major, Arup, BIAD, BNP Associates Inc, Design Solutions, Logplan GmbH, NACO, Reef U.K.
See more information here
Source: fosterpluspartners.com
No comments:
Post a Comment